منابع مشابه
Are three-dimensional spider webs defensive adaptations?
Todd A. Blackledge*, Jonathan A. Coddington and Rosemary G. Gillespie University of California – Berkeley, Environmental Science, Policy and Management, Division of Insect Biology, 201 Wellman Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720-3112, USA National Museum of Natural History NHB 105, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, 20560-0105, USA *Correspondence and present address: Department of Entomology, Comst...
متن کاملConspicuousness is correlated with toxicity in marine opisthobranchs.
Aposematism is defined as the use of conspicuous colouration to warn predators that an individual is chemically or otherwise defended. Mechanisms that drive the evolution of aposematism are complex. Theoretical and empirical studies show that conspicuousness can be either positively or negatively correlated with toxicity as once aposematism is established, species can allocate resources into be...
متن کاملDrought adaptations in wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum) grown in Iran
Wild barley contains a wide genetic diversity and therefore is adaptable to all kinds of harsh environments. The aim of this research was to determine the extent of drought stress adaptation within Hordeum spontaneum L. genotypes from different climates of Iran. From the primary population of 193 genotypes, a core set consisting of 18 genotypes, were selected based on the highest squared Euclid...
متن کاملOn global (strong) defensive alliances in some product graphs
A defensive alliance in a graph is a set $S$ of vertices with the property that every vertex in $S$ has at most one moreneighbor outside of $S$ than it has inside of $S$. A defensive alliance $S$ is called global if it forms a dominating set. The global defensive alliance number of a graph $G$ is the minimum cardinality of a global defensive alliance in $G$. In this article we study the global ...
متن کاملDefensive Forecasting
We consider how to make probability forecasts of binary labels. Our main mathematical result is that for any continuous gambling strategy used for detecting disagreement between the forecasts and the actual labels, there exists a forecasting strategy whose forecasts are ideal as far as this gambling strategy is concerned. A forecasting strategy obtained in this way from a gambling strategy demo...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom
سال: 1960
ISSN: 0025-3154,1469-7769
DOI: 10.1017/s0025315400013163